A cyst is a walled pathological cavity that enlarges from the center to the periphery.
The pressure created by the cysts while they are growing causes resorption in the roots of the neighboring teeth.
Formation and damage of cysts;
Cysts can develop from cell remnants that settle into the tissues during the embryological development process, as well as with pathological changes that occur in the root tip area as a result of irritation from the infected root canal. They can also occur as a result of the lesion remaining in the jawbone after the extraction of teeth with cystic lesions at the root tip.
• Cases of cystic lesions caused by an impacted tooth have been observed.
• Cystic lesions cause bone destruction, spontaneous fractures of the jawbone, and displacement or damage to the surrounding teeth. To prevent bone destruction, the tooth should be extracted and the cyst should be cleaned.
• Rarely, if this cyst spreads to very large areas, it can turn into tumors and cause spontaneous fractures of the jawbone.
Cyst Surgery
The basic principle in cyst surgery is to remove the entire cyst together with its wall. Neighboring tooth roots that are not associated with the cyst lesion should be preserved and the teeth in the cyst should be kept in the mouth using the apical resection method.
In some types of cysts, a drain is placed inside the cyst in order to ensure the eruption (protrusion) of the teeth that are pushed by the pressure created by the cyst and that remain impacted. This drain is changed every week, reducing the pressure in the cyst, formation of new bone around the cyst and the eruption of the impacted teeth.
Cyst treatment should not cause functional or aesthetic problems. Therefore, reconstruction of large cyst cavities with appropriate bone grafts (bone powder) and membranes (barrier) is required.
